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Because the Korea Dynasty founded a country on the united base of rich distinguished families, sovereign powers were very weak and infirm. Then, King Kwang-Jong drove out distinguished families having become nobles since the period of King Te-Jo in the capital, and invited and treated cordially scholars who had studied in China, and Chinese who had naturalized as Korean citizens, and selected talent of the other distinguished families who had scattered all over the country through the state examinations. The state examinations was divided into Je-Sul course, Myung-Kyung course and other various courses. Among the above courses, Je-Sul course was important and was central part in the state examinations of the Korea Dynasty. At that time, one who wanted to make one’s way in life had to pass the state examinations, and had to learn the appointed subjects in order to pass the examinations. And so, at that time, school education was preparatory institute for bringing up the government official. And form and substance of subject applying for the state examinaions were, in the main, Confuci and verses. Studying Confuci and verses developed into academic and literary tradition. But, on the other had, studies. and literature were behind the times and old-fashioned. Such preferential policy for studies and literature, generation after geneneration, installed and completed many public and prite education institutes, and brought up Confucians and literary men of the upper classe. But the tendency of preference for studies and literature drew a distinction between literary officers and millitary officers, and tended to have a contempt for millitary officers, and at last, revolt of millitary officers broke out at the period of King Ie-J-ng. But after King Kwang-Jong’s reign of 9 years there were supplement and replacement about insufficient parts for about more than 420 years. And the old state examinations were made systematically perfect, to some degree, at the end of Korea Dynasty ant at the begining of Lee Dynasty.
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